Furthermore, the pitching moment refers to a moment or torque that leads to the production of the aerodynamic force on the aerofoil. The angle of attack (AOA) refers to an angle whose formation takes place between a reference line on a body and the oncoming flow. Moreover, the pitching moment is zero at the centre of pressure. Furthermore, the pitching moment is independent of lift coefficient and angle of attack (AOA) at the aerodynamic centre. There are some terms that describe the behaviour when the movement of the aerofoil takes place through a fluid. In contrast, the lower surface, also known as pressure surface, is one that is characterized by higher static pressure. Upper surface, also known as suction surface, is one whose association takes place with high velocity and low static pressure. Moreover, the chord line refers to the straight line that connects the leading and trailing edge. Most noteworthy, there is a generation of a lift at zero angle of attack by symmetric airfoils, while a symmetric airfoil is more appropriate for frequent inverted flight as in an aerobatic airplane.Ĭhord refers to the distance between the leading edge, the point at the aerofoil’s front and has maximum curvature, and the trailing edge, the point at the aerofoil’s rear that has maximum curvature along the chord line. Moreover, various airfoils are helpful for different flight regimes. Also, these depend on certain terms that must be defined in order to get a proper understanding of the design.Īerofoil design happens to be a major facet in the field of aerodynamics. Moreover, these aerodynamic characteristics depend on the speed, weight, and the purpose of the aircraft. The designing of the aerofoil is dependent on aerodynamic characteristics. In contrast, drag is the component that is parallel to the motion’s direction. Furthermore, lift is the component such that the force turns out to be perpendicular to the motion’s direction. Aerofoil or airfoil refers to a cross-sectional shape whose design takes place with curved surface that provides the most favourable ratio between lift and drag in flight.

Symmetric airfoil